Milling machine



Jan. 30, 1923. f I 1,443,899.

' C. KUSOLD.

MILLING MACHINE.

FILED FEB. 12. 1 921. v 3 SHEETSSHEET 1.

INVENTOR WITNESSES v Mum W W Y I I ATTORNEYS Jan. 30, 1923. 1,443,899. cmusow.

MILLING MACHINE. I

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2 FILED FEB. I2, I92!- v INVENTOR WITNESSES V %L/wM-' as" W1. Y 'ATZORNEYS 0. KUSOLD.

MILLING MACHINE.

FILED FEB. I2. 1921.

JanQSO, 1923.

3 SHEETSSHEET 3.

nwmroa 4 6. Ku50L-D WITNE88E8 mum E'Mi 11 FORM;

Patented Jan. 30, 1923.

UN 1 TE ST I CHARLES KUSOLD, or NEW YORK, 1\T..v Y.

MILLING MACHINE.

Application file'd. February 12, 1921. Serial Ira-444,450.

1 0 all whom it may concern Be it known that 1, CHARLES KUsoLn, a citizen of Jugo-Slavia, and a resident of the city of New York, borough of Manhattan, in the county and State of New York, have invented anew and Improved Milling Machine, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description;

This invention relates to meta-Lworking machines, and has particular reference to a new and improved attachment for those types of the above -mentioned machines which are known as milling machines.

An object of the invention is to provide a devicewhich can beattachecl to a milling or similar machine whereby threads may-be produced by a. very-simplev adjustment of the parts ofthe devicewithout the necessity for changin the parts or changing gears to produce diiierent' threads-or. spirals asis nowthe case.

Another object of theinvention is to provide a device, comprising aminimumnumber of parts, in the form ()fiil-H' attachment to a milling machine, or other machine, wherebyby setting the various parts initially, in accordance with a formula, in a definite manner to each other the required thread or groove may be produced on-the metal or other work tobetreated.

A' further object zresides in the/particular construction andarrangement of parts hereinafter described and claimed and shown in the accompanying drawings.

In general, my invention: comprises the provision of an: attachmentwhiclr canbe verysimply and readily applied to a milling or similar machine with a minimum disturbance of the standard and usualconstruction thereof, so that a :wide range of threads of varying pitches,-or spiral grooves, or teeth forms, can be produced on. any desired metal stock by a sim ple setting ofitlie parts relative -to- =each other at the desired angle, and eliminates the necessity for changing gears. Usually to: cut threads on metal the work support is caused totravel a definite distance to each revolution of the workon' the support; Ifia ditie'rent thread is required, the work'support. must be driven a difierent distance in one revolution. This variation in the linear speedwofithe work support, sinceit is-taken in the samedirec tion and alongthe same line, requires the use of another set ot drivinggears. Because of the limitations in: the production of'sta-ndard 'gears it is impossible to pro-- duce threads of certainpitches since it is impossible to find-gears which will give the proper ratio between the movement of the carriage and the revolution of the work on the carriage.

My invention more particularly relates. therefore, to a plurality or moving orslid able tables which can be moved at predetermined speeds with respect to a common support and each other andindifferent relative directions. One of these slidable supports or tables is adapted to carry the'work being treated, and the resultant movement of the work, due to the resultant action of the relatively moving tables, is inaccordance with the well known graphical principle concerning the combination of 'vectors'.

More specifically, I provide a work support between which and the-ordinary teed table of a milling machine there is interposed a sli'dablei and angularly adjustable platform on which thework support is mounted. This intermediate support or feed table can be angularly adjustedwith respect both'to the work support and to the ordinary sliding carriage or feed table of a milling machine. By being able to adjust the intermediate carriage and the work support .with respect to each other and the ordinary feed table, and knowing their definite speeds in a. given unitof time,-theresulta'nt movement of the workvcanube varied to produce the desiredrmovement-in aunit'ozt time of the work in accordance: with thisvec'torial combination above mentioned and without changing the gears of the machine. In this way, assumingthe work isbeing rotated during-its linear movement as a whole, threads, spiral grooves, and other grooves, can'be produced on the -work and'o't varying pitch, in accordancewith'the setting of the various slides; i i

It is well within the spirit ofjthe'invention that gear teeth and other uniform curves, either'on round bodies such as'rods,

or on fiat surfaces, may be produced by the application of this principle without departing from thespirit of the invention set forth herein.

The invention isshown in the drawings, of whichi Figure lis a longitudinal vertical section taken on theline-1 1 of Figure 2';

Figure '2 'is' a'transve'rse ertical'section taken on the line 2-2 of Figure l;

Figure 3 is a horizontal section taken on the line 33 of Figure 1;

Figure 4 is a vertical transverse section taken on th line l4 of Figure 3;

Figure 5 is a section taken on the line 5-5; of Figure 6;

Figure 6 is an enlarged detail view of one of the driving gear adjustments;

Figure 7 is a plan view of the machine with the attachment applied and in a desired position; and

Figure 8 is a diagram illustrating the principle of which this invention is an applicat-ion.

[is shown in the drawings, the ')i.'cil'e1frcd form of my invention is embodied as a milling machine adapted to cut threads, spiral grooves, gear teeth. and similar forms, and which comprises a column 1 to which a knee 2 is adjust-ably connected in a wellknown manner. On the knee 2 a. saddle 3 is adjustably supported, the saddle being adapted to be moved forward or backward along the upper surface of the knee, as desired, toward or away from the column 1.. On the upper face of the saddle 3 the usual screwoperated carriage i is mounted and adapted to be driven by the screw 5 in a manner well known with tiis type of ma chine.

Ordinarily the work is supported on the carriage i and moves backward and forward with the carriage past the cutting device or tool. Sometimes the work, during this linear movement, is rotated and other times not. In accordance, however, with my in vention, I have added certain other features as attachments to the milling machine whereby the objects previously mentioned are attained. Therefore, in accordance with this addition, I have provided a base por tion 5 which can be suitably connected or bolted to the upper surface of the sliding carriage i. This base is adapted to receive on its upper surface an adjustable base member 6 which can be angularly adjusted with respect to the base member 5 and located in any desired position relative thercto. This adjustable base member 6 is adapt-- ed to support a slidable carriage '4" in a 11I2ll1- ner hereinafter to be described more in do tail. This slidable carriage 7 is provided with a rigid supporting base portion 8 on which an adjustable base portion 9 is mounted. This base portion 9 is similar in con.- structionto the adjustable base member {5 previously mentioned. This adjustable base portion 9 can be angularly adjusted with respect to the fixed base portion 8 as desired. The adjustable base portion 9 is adapted to co-operate and support a work-supporting carriage 10 on which are suitably mounted a headstock 11, a tailstock 12, a dividing head 13, and a portion of work to be treated. such as 14, which may be, as shown, a bar of metal on which a desired screw thread is to be produced. This bar can be gripped in a well-known manner between a jaw 15 on the taiistock 12 and by a clutch-dog or jaw 16 on the headstock 11.

Extending outwardly from the upper end of column 1 is an over-arm 17 on which an adjustable tool support 18 is mounted. This over-arm and this tool support are of any desired and well-known type adapted to support a tool such as a rotating cutter i9. The cutter on this support is adapted to he vertically and angularly adjustable in a welt-known manner with respect to the workpiece 14. The particular form of tool 19 as shown is a rotating Vsdisk adapted to cut V bottom screw threads. it oi course, understood that any other type or shape of tool desired can be used without departing from the spirit of the invention.

The saddle 3 is provided with a vertically projecting bored lug 20 through which a driving screw 5 is adapted to extend. This driving screw receives power at one end,

such as 22, from any suitable source. This screw 5 is rigidly journaled in depending ends of the carriage t andon one end is provided with a gear 23 adapted to mesh with a gear 2% mounted on a shaft journaled at one end in a bracket 26 on the upper face of the carriage i and at the other end, by reason of its projection, through the side of the base member 5. The base member 5' is bored out within and in this hollowed-out portion there is mounted a stub shaft 2? on which is rotatably mounted a double bevel gear 28 with the lower gear of which a bevel 29 on the inner end of. the shaft is adapted to mesh.

The adjustable base member 6 previously mentioned is provided with oppositely disposed upstanding lug portions 30 and 31 through which projects a screw 32. This screw also passes through a crossbar 38, seen particularly in Figure 3, this crossbar being provided with threaded portions cooperating with the threaded portions of the screw 32. The ends of the screw 32 are journaled in a well-known manner in depending portions of the slide intermediate the carriage 7. The upper gear of the double bevel 28 i. adapted to mesh with a bevel gear 84:. On the rear face of this bevel gear 3d there is provided clutchiingers such as 35 adapted to engage with similar clutch members on a slidable sleeve 36. This slidable sleeve embraces a hexagonshaped leeve 3''? which is keyed to the shaft 32. A clutch yoke 88 connected to a suit able lever 39 is adapted to engage and disengage the clutch fingers from each other whereby power can be transmitted between the bevel gear at and the bevel gear 28, or disconnected, as desired.

On the outer end of shaft 32 there is provided a gear adapted to mesh with a gear atl mounted on a shaft 4:2 jo'urnaled in a bracket 43 on the upper face of the intermediate sliding carriage 7. The, other end of shaft 42 extends through, the side of the fixed base member 8 and carries on its inner end a bevel gear 44 meshing with a double bevel gear 45 whichis mounted on a stub-shaft 46 within a hollowed-out portion in the fixed base member- 8., The double bevel 45 meshes with a bevel gear 47. This bevel gear 4:7 is. adapted to transmit power to a screw-threaded shaft as. The transmission of power from the shaft -12 through the bevel. gears a5 and. 47 and the. disconnection of. power by means of the actuation of the clutch connected with the bevel gear 4:7 is brought about in the manner previously described with respect to the interaction of bevel gears 28, 29 and at. The threaded shaft 48 is journaled at its opposite ends in depending portions of the work-supporting slide or carriage 10. At one end of the threaded shaft 4E8 agear 49 is provided meshing with a gear 50. This gear 50 is mounted on a, shaft connected with the headstock l1 and through suitable mechanism, which is well-known in machines of this type. is adapted to rotate the work-piece 14:. The threaded shaft 48 also extends through forwardly projecting portions 51 and 52 mounted on an adjustable base member 9. A crossbar 53, rigidly connected at each end to the adjustable base member 9 is adapted to receive the threaded shaft 48 but does not co-operate therewith in the same manner as the crossbar 33 00- a member 55 of a bell-crank lever pivoted at 56 (see Fig. 3). The other endof this member 55 is connected to a bar 57 one end of which is connected to a latch pin 58 (see Fig. This latch pin is adapted to engage a groove 59 in a sleeve 60. This sleeve 60 is loosely supported on the upwardly projecting lugs 52 and between the same and a clamping collar 61 which is held down on the portion 52 by means of bolts 62. lVhen the latch member or pin 58 engages the groove 59, the sleeve 60 is prevented from having angular movement. By hold ing this sleeve rigid, therefore, and by rea son ofthe fact that this sleeve is rigidly connected to the adjustable base member 9. the rotatable movement of the threaded shaft 48 within the sleeve 60. will cause.

the movement of the work-supporting carriage 10 with, respect to the adjustable base member 9.; The handle 54; above mentioned is also adapted to operate another member 63 ofv the bell-crank lever, which lever is connected at its outer end toa clutch mem- .ber 64 attached to engage with the sleeve causes no relative movement between the I work-supporting carriage 10 and the adustable base 9. In this particular position of the handle 54, wherein the sleeve 60' is caused to move with the threaded shaft 4E8, the carriage 10 does not move-linearly but the workpiece l4 merely is rotated.

The clutches described herebefore are adapted to disconnect the power at various stages in the transmission thereof between the source of power and the work-pieceso that adjustments can be madeandrthe various slides can beset in the desired positions. In accordance with the diagram. shown in Fig. 8, thevector o jrepresents graphically the movement of the lower sliding carriage l. The vector '0 represents the movement of the intermediate sliding carriage 7, and the vector V represents the resultant movement" of the work-supporting carriage 10. The manner of adjusting the adjustable base members 6 and 9 on the fixed or rigid base members 5' and 8 is as follows: Theunder surface of the adjustable members 9 and 6 are provided -with a, -T shaped annular groove into which the heads'of'suitablebolts, such as. 65, seen inyFigure 2, are inserted, Each of these fixed members 5 and 8 are provided at one portion in their periphery with a recess 66 in which a nut 67 connected to the lower end of the bolt .65 is seated. By loosening the nut from the bolt, the adjustable members 6 and 9 can be angularly placed in any related positions with respect to their fixed base portion in accordancewith graduations placed on the abutting edges of the adjustable and fixed base members. These graduations .are not shown in the drawings but are of" any well-known, type whereby the seating may be made to within, any desired degree. Tightening thenuts. 67 will fix the position of the adjustable-base members onv the fixed base members.

,Thelower carriage or slida-ole table 43 has a movement back and forth in one direction,

represented by the vector '0 The interme-.

minute and that the work-piece is revolved at the rate of a revolutions per minute; it

is desired to calculate in advance the proper angles at which to set the adjustable sliding carriage 7 with respect to the carriage 4 and the angle at which to set the work-supporting carriage with respect to the carriages t and T. if the work is revolved at revolutions per minute, it must travel five inches in a minute in order to cut a thread of a pitch having eight threads per inch. Since each revolution means one thread, and there are eight threads per inch, there would be iorty threads in five inches or forty revolutions in five inches, equivalentto ll) revolutions per minute. Since the work-carriage 10 must move five inches past the cutter 19, it is to be observed, therefore, thatthe carriages" 7 and 4 must also travel five inches in the same time.

In accordance with the well-known cosine formula In this formula large V represents the resultant motion of the work-supporting carriage 10; o, represents the motion of the carriage 4:; eg, the motion of the carriage 7; and cosine represents the angle between the vector 'v, and 71 as shown in Figure 8. Substituting the value five for the large and small 'vs in this formula, we get a value for the cosine of .5, which in this case represents an angle of 120. The first step, therefore, is to move the carriage 4: to one extreme position. Since in the problem, as shown in Figures 7 and 8, it is to move to the left, the carriage must be moved by the power to the extreme right-hand position so that full advantage may be obtained of its entire length of travel. The intermediate carriage 7 is to be moved into its extreme backward position and set at an angle of 120 with respect to the carriage 4. Since the vector V is the resultant of the other two vectors, and, in accordance with the wellknown laws of graphics, the resultant V will assume an angle with respect to either of the other two vectors equal to half the angle between these vectors when the vectors are equal, namely, therefore, the work-supporting carriage 10 is moved to its extreme backward position and adjusted at an angle of 60, half the value of the angle between the lower and intermediate sliding carriages 4 and 7, respectively. It is to be borne in mind, otcourse, that after having once been set the work-supporting carriage 10 does not move relative to the intermediate carriage 7 but is carried thereby. The cutting tool or disk 19 is disposed with respect to the beginning of the wort-piece, as shown in Figure 7, at an angle corresponding to the pitch of the thread desired. This tool, of course, is stationary, but since it is a disk, it is obvious that it must be angularly re lated to the work-piece as it rotates in ac: cordance with the pitch desired.

Power is then applied to the machine, upon the application of which the lower carriage at commences to move in the direction of 1),, at the same time it drives the inter,- mediate carriage 7 through the gearing above mentioned in the direction 7),. This intermediate carriage carries the work-supporting carriage 1G and the work-piece 14, which are disposed in a line with the resultant motion of the work-piece shown graphically in Figure 8. It is apparent, therefore, that by adjusting the carriage 7 with respect to the carriage t and suitably positioning the work-supporting carriage 10 with respect to the other two carriages, threads, spiral grooves, and other uniform grooves can be produced on a work-piece and that the range of pitch of these threads or grooves is not limited except as the position of the parts of the machine is limited due to the space at hand or available.- It is equally obvious that in order to produce these grooves of various pitch, a simple set ting of the various carriages only is required and that the usual and well-known necessity for changing gears and having special gears always at hand is entirely eliminated. This eliminates the consumption of time, money and labor which usually occurs in machine shops where threads of gears are cut.

It is also to be observed that the carriages 7 and 10 and their co-operating base members are provided in the form of attachments which can be bolted on to the ordinary feed carriage or table 4: and connected to each other. If the milling machine is to be used as an ordinary miller, the base memhere 5 and 6, the carriage 7, the base members 8 and 9-, and the work support 10, can be taken off the machine and the headstock 11 and the tailstock 12 placed on the lower carriage 4 in the usual manner. This a tachment provides a structure which eliminates the necessity for altering milling machines of known types excepting to a very minor extent, whereby machines of wellknown types can be made use of with little expense. It is equally apparent that with minor adjustments in the parts, which are well within the spirit of the invention, other grooves, such as fiat, spiral, or helical grooves on flat surfaces, which may be rotated in any suitable manner on the Work carriage 10, may be produced; and other grooves which may be produced'by the combination and application of the vectors and in the manner above described.

What I claim is:

1. A machine having a tool thereon and a base portion, which comprises a Work support having a Work-piece thereon, means for feeding the support relative to the tool and at a predetermined speed, means operated by said feeding means to rotate the Work-piece at a speed bearing a certain ratio to the feed of the support, and means for varying the feed of the support relative to the tool independently of the speed of the feeding means. f

2. A metal-working machine having a tool thereon, a feed table, means for moving said feed table at a predetermined speed relative to said tool, a Work-supporting carriage mounted on said feed table, means for adjusting the posit-ion of the Work-supporting carriage angularly relative to the feed table, and means for driving the Work-supporting carriage at a predetermined speed bearing a definite ratio to the speed of the feed table, said driving means operating independently of the position of the work-supporting carriage with respect to the feed table.

3. A milling machine having a tool thereon, Which comprises a feed table, a Worksupporting table, a sliding table intermediate the Work-supporting table and the feed table, means for adjusting these tables with respect to each other in a predetermined on, which comprises a feeding table, a sec ond table disposed on the feed table, a Worksupporting table disposed on said second table and having a Work-piece mounted thereon, means for adjusting the second table angularly With respect to the feed table, means for adjusting the Work-supporting table with respect to the second table, and means for driving the feed table and the second table at a predetermined speed independently of their relative position, said driving means also adapted to rotate the Work-piece at a definite relative speed.

A milling machine having a tool and a base, a Work support having a Workpiece thereon adapted to be disposed in proximity to said tool, a plurality of relatively adjustable tables disposed between said Work support and said base, means for driving said Work support and said Workpiece relative to said tool at a predetermined speed, and means for varying the linear speed of the Work-piece relative to the tool by the setting of the tables angularly With respect to each other independently of the rate of motion of the driving means.

CHARLES KUSOLD. 

